The Four Goals Of Psychology Essay - 1498 Words

Psychology Question #1 (?) Please describe the four goals of psychology and APPLY it to a real life example. The first goal of psychology is Description, were one must correctly describe the condition (a behavior or mental process) in interest. So for example in my life a behavior that I express a lot is that when I’m upset I’ll go to my room. So I would describe this behavior as such, â€Å"When experiencing negative emotions I choose to isolate myself in my room†. The second goal is known as Explanation, here one explains the possible causes of the condition. So for my example my explanation would be, â€Å"When I’m upset I will got to my room because it’s an area that brings me a sense of comfort and privacy, which helps me to feel more at ease†. The third goal of psychology is Prediction, were one points out all the conditions shown prior to the behavior or mental process in an attempt to diagnose the condition earlier on. So in my example I would predict that â€Å"my emotions dictate my social openness. So the happier I am the less time I’ll isolate myself in room, and if I’m very upset I’ll be spending most of my time in my room†. The last goal is known as Influence, here one will use the data gained from a study to understand how to manipulate conditions in order to increase desired effects or decrease unwanted effects. So in my example if I held a study that showed me how much time I actually spend in my room I would then know how negatively I usually felt. The data would thenShow MoreRelatedFour Goals of Psychology803 Words   |  4 PagesFOUR GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY Four Goals of Psychology Bernadette A. Bobian PSY-102 12/18/2010 Four Goals of Psychology The four goals of psychology are to describe, understand, predict, and control behavior (Coon and Mitterer, 2007, p 15). Psychologist goals are to study psychology and search for facts and information that can give an advantage to humankind. By the studying of Psychology it helps to understand and explain behaviors of individuals as well as our self’sRead MoreFour Goals of Psychology Essay793 Words   |  4 PagesFour Goals of Psychology Amanda K Farias 12/17/2010 Four Goals of Psychology What are the four goals of psychology? To understand the four goals of psychology, you must first understand that psychology is based off of its findings from scientific research and critical thinking. The four goals of psychology are to describe, understand, predict, and control behavior and the mental process. These goals were set to help psychologists to better understand what factors cause different types of behaviorRead MoreAnalyzing The Four Goals Of Psychology Essay1939 Words   |  8 Pages1. Describe the four goals of Psychology. The first major goal of psychology is â€Å"to describe†. Describing behavior helps us to understand what sort of behaviors are normal versus abnormal. Several different research methods are used. 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The mental process is the steps the mind takes to think, feel, etc., while behavior is just simply how one acts. In the beginning, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle wrote about the relationship of the body and the soul. Psychologists and medical doctors wondered about the connection between the body and the brain whereas philosophers tried to explain the connections between the mind and the body. Psychologists study the process ofRead MoreBiography Of John B. Watson1180 Words   |  5 Pagesfunctionalists such as Ivan Sechenov, Ivan Pavlov, and Vladimir Bechterev to make their own contributions to the broader field of psychology. So what is Behaviourism? Watson insisted that behaviour be psychology’s subject of matter and that psychology’s goal was to be the prediction and control of behaviour. 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Ways to Promote a Sustainable Living Free Essays

Ways to promote a sustainable living What is sustainable living? Sustainable living is to live in way to those values and respects the natural systems and species that co-exist on this earth by reducing the usage of Earth’s natural resources. A sustainable society can protect the future generations without the depletion of our Earth’s natural resources and coexistence with the flora and fauna. Sustainable design and sustainable developments are the main factors to sustainable living. We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to Promote a Sustainable Living or any similar topic only for you Order Now First of all, we should educate the younger ones about the importance of living sustainably. The government can enforce a new curriculum to the school whereby the students will be educated and examined on the understanding of sustainable living. Moreover educational internships can be offered by nonprofit organization or government so that our young and bright generation can contribute to sustainable development and sustainable design. Secondly, we could also encourage the citizens to conserve water, electricity, petrol, reduction the emission of greenhouse gas at home. For example, after washing the rice, the water could be used to water the plants. Moreover, use the dish washer and washing machine whenever possible as it can save water. Citizens should car pool more often or finding alternative ways of transport such as bus, light rail transit, bicycle or monorail as it will be able to reduce the usage of petrol and the emission of carbon dioxide into the environment. Furthermore, people are encouraged to fix solar power on their rooftop as it uses the sunlight which is a renewable resource to generate electricity for the entire household. Thirdly, changing the way we eat also helps to promote a sustainable living. This is because the industrial meat production also involves high environmental costs such as soil erosion, land degradation and depletion of natural resources. Reducing the meat consumption by eating more vegetables will be able to reduce the environmentally industrial meat production. Beside this, urban gardening and organic farming should be introduce and promoted to all the citizens as it does need to use tremendous applications of nitrogen fertilizer to grow plants. Growing more plants at the backyard of your house will also encourage the citizens to eat more organic plants instead of meat. Finally, nonprofit organization can host and sponsors special events throughout the year, with festival, conferences and community gathering. For example we have campaigns such as Go Green which encourages people to use recyclable bags instead of using plastic bags, Earth Day whereby for a certain period of time we will switch of the usage electricity of the whole house. Moreover, nonprofit organization should provide resource center with information about the events in the area that promote sustainable living. Knowledge is power and enables the consumer to make wiser choices and to re-create their life and achieve sustainable living without losing comfort and joy. The earth needs a change, the world is hurting because of over usage and because of unwise decisions of humanity. How to cite Ways to Promote a Sustainable Living, Papers

Promotion of Conflict Management Strategies

Question: Describe about promotion of conflict management strategies in terms of modern business? Answer: Ideas of the article 1. Conflict management is regarded as a positive force in the organization if handled with efficiency and strategically. Most of the people often resolve the conflict in a mutually acceptable way but have failed to practice advanced techniques such as give and take which should be made the prime strategy to focus upon.2. The reason for conflicts lies inherently in organizational cultural changes leading to differentiated interpersonal conflicts. Unresolved conflicts may lead to destruction of relationships, disintegration of company or hostility. It disturbs the equilibrium of the organization. Controlled conflicts can lead to creativity, better relations, innovations and changes. It leads to enhanced production and flexibility.3. Conflicts can be socially positive or socially negative. Positive view is inspired by pluralism in the society that everyone has a right to express individual views having multiple power centers. Therefore, conflicts are an efficient way to confront each ot her and take responsibilities of ones stance. On the other hand, giving regard to human relations and some traits like satisfaction, motivation, personality views conflicts as disturbance elements and a medium to break communication. 4. Conflicts in an organization are made up of a situation (climate of content danger of emergence) and actions (manner of conflict expression) following it.5. Conflicts can be organizational (horizontal because of lack of harmonization or vertical because of psychological distance, or differences in ideology or autocratic leadership) or personal (intrapersonal cause by conflict of goals, motives, perceptions, experiences, interpersonal because of differences in opinions, perceptions, attitudes etc. and role conflict over one position, different positions or differences in personality and roles).6. Conflicts can be within the group or among different groups. It can be also demarcated as cognitive or affective with one being related to problems and other with personal intolerance, hatred etc. It can also be functional or dysfunctional, one being a source of creative tension for non stagnancy of organization and other being aggressive stance and harmful for the organization. Conflicts can be also be of interests, values or both.7. The conflict have various phases like creation of conflict or latent phase leading because of any of the reason, expression of conflict as personalization of conflicts and development of feelings, open phase of action and post conflict phase having resolutions.8. Conflicts have functional and dysfunctional effects. It improves decision making, promotes organizational change, enhances work transparency (Burton, 1990), intensifies group cohesion and on the other side may reduce the communication, diverts the attention form organizational goals, disturbs normal functioning or creates adverse conditions. 9. Conflict resolution can be in a way when one party wins over another, both parties calm down the conflict and a method of conflict solution. There are two strategic programmed resolution methods such as dialectic methods (debates) and the Devils Advocate (person as a critic) (Thomas, 1992). Other techniques can be competition (selfish and victory-defeat situation), collaboration (cooperative and win-win situation), avoidance (selfless), adjustment (selfless and cooperative, loose-win), and compromise (middle ground).10. As a result of findings, people resort to cooperation as the most sought technique followed by adjustment and avoidance being on the least priority. People have resorted to modern techniques to conflict resolution being a primary strategy. Value of information The information about conflicts being positive or negative is an important concept regarding the organization as it would lead to formulation of further policies. It is valuable for the company to devise effective conflict resolution strategies with the help of information provided. The functional and dysfunctional aspects of the conflicts are really important for the organizational success. The conflict resolution strategies provided in the text would be really helpful for the organization to compromise and collaborate with the team mates to come up on coherent decisions and solutions. Relation of information with management career The conflict management and resolution techniques provided along with source and types of conflicts would aid in formulating personal strategies in the management career or routine life. Conflicts are inevitable be it an organization or routine job and therefore, reading about the conflict management strategies is the need of the hour. The formalized and specialized strategies of conflict resolution relates with the management scenario of the modern and contemporary times which motivates alleviating the disturbances caused by conflicts in the workplaces. Cooperation within the conflicting teams should be the prime aim of the contemporary era. Having an open communication and dialectic means (Amason, 1995) of conflict management can be adopted in the modern organizations for handling the tasks in a responsible manner and maintain the equilibrium of the company. If there are conflicts in a project team, the leader should act as a conflict handler to implement innovative strategies so m ake the opposing teams debate openly and come up with cooperative solutions in the presence of the team leader. Authors The authors of the text are Srdan Zikic (Assistant Professor), Aneta Marinovic (Assistant Professor) and Igor Trandafilovic (Assistant Professor). Reliability of Information The information provided in the paper is quite reliable in terms of authenticity and dependability. It has been crafted after dwelling deeper into inherent concepts and theories for conflict sources, management and resolution. The information in the paper had been collaborated work from various reliable sources and have been referenced from authentic journals, books or texts. The strategies provided have been identified as prime strategies for conflict management in the workplace. Advances in conflict management theories Discovery invites is a strategy of modern era in which conflicts (Daniels, 2001) can be resolved by the means of learning. Discovering the problems would be a challenging and fascinating methodology for conflict management. Mediation methods can help to fight in a fair manner. This involves being objective, supportive, without judging, and steer processing. Internet based relational approach is for making good relations as priority (Likert, 1976) by keeping problems separate from people. Facts are set out to explore the opinions. References 1. Burton, J. W. (1990).Conflict: Resolution and provention (Vol. 1990). Macmillan.2. Thomas, K. W. (1992). Conflict and conflict management: Reflections and update.Journal of organizational behavior, 13(3), 265-274.3. Amason, A. C., Thompson, K. R., Hochwarter, W. A., Harrison, A. W. (1995). Conflict: An important dimension in successful management teams.Organizational Dynamics,24(2), 20-35.4. Daniels, S. E., Walker, G. B. (2001). Working through environmental conflict: The collaborative learning approach.5. Likert, R., Likert, J. G. (1976).New ways of managing conflict. McGraw-Hill.